RUDOLF I°

RUDOLF I°
RUDOLF I° (of Hapsburg), king of Germany and Holy Roman emperor, 1273–91. In 1275 Rudolf confirmed a papal bull against blood libels , adding that Christian and Jewish witnesses were necessary for sentencing a Jew. In 1286 Rudolph supported the archbishop of mainz against the tumultuous burghers who opposed any investigation of a blood libel. Nevertheless, such accusations as well as Rudolf 's oppressive taxation influenced the Jews of the Rhineland to leave in large numbers for the Holy Land, under the leadership of meir b. baruch of Rothenburg. Rudolf decreed, in accordance with the concept of servi camerae regis , the immediate confiscation of the property of Jews who had left. When the burghers of Mainz refused to give up such property, Rudolf compensated the archbishop of Mainz by granting him jurisdiction over the Jews of thuringia , Ostmark, and meissen . R. Meir was arrested and imprisoned in Ensisheim by Rudolf and an exorbitant ransom was posted for his release. Rudolf was offered 20,000 marks for Meir's release and for the punishment of the instigators of blood-libel pogroms in Oberwesel and boppard . Rudolf accepted the money, guaranteeing the life and property of Jews in the two communities, but he did not release R. Meir, who died in confinement. -BIBLIOGRAPHY: Graetz, Hist, 3 (1894), 611, 634–40; Germ Jud, 2 (1968), index; Baron, Social2, 9 (1965), 152–5.

Encyclopedia Judaica. 1971.

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  • Rudolf IV. — Rudolf hießen folgende Herrscher: Inhaltsverzeichnis 1 Rudolf I. 2 Rudolf II. 3 Rudolf III. 4 Rudolf IV. 5 Rudolf V. 6 Rudolf VI. / VII …   Deutsch Wikipedia

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  • Rudolf — Rudolf, deutscher Vorname, bedeutet der mit Rath Helfende, der Rathgeber. I. Deutsche Kaiser: 1) R. von Schwaben, Sohn des Grafen Kuno von Rheinfelden, erhielt 1058, nach dem Tode Otto s von Schweinfurt, von seinem Schwager, dem Kaiser Heinrich… …   Pierer's Universal-Lexikon

  • RUDOLF II° — (of Hapsburg; 1552–1612), Holy Roman emperor and king of Bohemia from 1576. His reign was a period of growth for the Jewry of his dominions, particularly the community of prague (where he resided most of the time). He was in constant touch with… …   Encyclopedia of Judaism

  • Rudolf — m German, Dutch, Scandinavian, Polish, Czech, and English: from a Latinized version, Rudolphus, of the Germanic name Hrōdwulf (see ROLF (SEE Rolf)). It was introduced to the English speaking world from Germany in the 19th century. Rudolf was a… …   First names dictionary

  • Rudolf — (altdeutsch Hruodulf, »Ruhmwolf«, soviel wie Ruhmgieriger), deutscher Vorname: Deutsche Kaiser und Könige: 1) R. von Schwaben, Gegenkönig Heinrichs IV., Sohn des Grafen Kuno von Rheinfelden, erhielt 1057 von der Kaiserin Agnes das Herzogtum… …   Meyers Großes Konversations-Lexikon

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